Symptoms of a Strawberry Plant with Black Root Rot
Black root rot of strawberries results in decreased productivity and longevity of the crop. Crop losses may be from 30% up to 50%. One or more fungi, such as Rhizoctonia, Pythium, and/or Fusarium, will be present in the soil at the time of planting. When root nematodes are added to the mix, the disease is usually more severe. The first signs of black root rot become apparent in the first year of fruiting. Strawberry plants with black root rot will show a general lack of vigor, stunted runners, and small berries. Aboveground symptoms may mimic symptoms of other root disorders, so the roots need to be checked out before a determination of the disease may be made. Plants with the disorder will have much smaller roots than normal and will be less fibrous than those on healthy plants. The roots will have patches of black or will be entirely black. There will also be fewer feeder roots. Injury to plants is most obvious in low or compacted areas of the strawberry field where drainage is poor. Wet soil that is lacking in organic matter fosters black root rot.
Strawberry Black Root Rot Treatment
Since several fungi may be responsible for this disease complex, treating the fungi isn’t an effective method of control for strawberry black root rot. In fact, there is no absolute strawberry black root rot treatment. A multi-pronged approach to management is the best option. First, always ensure strawberries are healthy, white-rooted plants from a certified nursery before adding them to the garden. Incorporate plenty of organic matter into the soil prior to planting to increase tilth and minimize compaction. If soil is not well-draining, amend it to improve drainage and/or plant in raised beds. Rotate the strawberry field for two to three years prior to replanting. Abandon strawberry cultivation in areas known to have black root rot and, instead, use the area to cultivate non-host crops. Lastly, fumigation prior to planting is sometimes helpful in managing black root rot in strawberries but is not a cure-all.
